How does your understanding of Postcolonial Theory inform your Essay

How does your understanding of Postcolonial Theory inform your interpretaion of Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children and Tsitsi Dangarembga's Nervous Condition - Essay Example Post colonial theory was based on the two theoretical concepts of the time, related to identity, i.e. ‘otherness’ and ‘hybridity’. The colonized people were diverse in their nature and tradition .They are ‘other ‘to the colonizers but are different from one another also. Such a drastic situation was meticulous to India and Africa. Both the countries had shared the common pain of identity and tradition. A comprehensible understanding of the political and cultural aspects of the countries is needed to unravel the stories in its full meaning. ‘Midnights Children’ and ‘Nervous Condition’ are such great novels of the time dealt successfully with the postcolonial theory and there by the self search of the natives Salman Rushdie’s ‘Midnight’s children’ is a novel about Indian independence, the partition and their aftermath. The novel is Rushdie’s interpretation of a period of about seventy years in India’s modern history dealing with the events leading to the partition of India and beyond .The novel encapsulates the experiences of three generation of Sinai family living in Srinagar, Amritsar and Agra and then in Bombay and finally migrating to Karachi. Tsitsi Dambengara’s Nervous condition’ is set in the post colonial Rhodesia of 1960s. The narrator and the main character, Thambu, expresses her experience with colonization, as a child growing up from a poor African community, with tremendous correctness and detail. She is anything but typical. A great deal of the novel reveals the development of Thambu as she becomes a young lady and the relationship with her cousin Nyasha .As they mature we can identify the difference in their characters . Tsitsi also adopt the method of narration as Saleem in ‘Midnights children’ .Saleem works in a pickle factory by day and records his experiences in the night hoping that one day the world would taste the pickle of history. Alongside of

Provisions for elite performers Essay Example for Free

Provisions for elite performers Essay Many elite performers start to progress after representing their school at competitions affiliated to the English Schools FA, such as the ESFA Coca Cola National Cups. These national competitions attract attention from district scouts. After representing their schools talented performers may be selected to represent these District teams. Then the performers could be selected to play for their county or to train with professional clubs youth teams. I believe that Britain is behind America in progressing their young sporting talent. There are no real scholarships in Britain like there are in the US. Students are expected to complete all school work as well as trying to improve at their chosen sport. There is also very little funding for less glamorous sports than football.  It can also be seen that although footballers who are regularly being paid tens of thousands of pounds a week are living a glamorous lifestyle, there are also thousands of players in the lower leagues who are being paid considerably less. These top-class footballers are set for life, however the less fortunate players who play in the lower leagues will have to retire at around the age of 34 or 35. The retired players usually have no real future as they have given all their lives to football. When they were young they were kicking a football around when they should have been studying. Many face financial ruin. Additional agencies and bodies  There are many additional agencies that help to ensure the smooth running of football clubs all over the country:  Organisations such as the St Johns ambulance service are at every Sutton United game.  UNICEF has teamed up with non-governmental organizations, private businesses, government agencies and football superstars to establish educational and recreational programs around the world that involve football. The global appeal of football is a tool for engaging young people in a positive future. TWS Associates Ltd is a specialist consumer marketing agency with over 20 years experience in football focussed campaigns, supporter research and relations.  The government also specifies that all people working with children are child protection officers. This helps to keep all participants free from any harm.  Provision for female competitors It can be clearly seen that there are many local football teams for men, however there are much fewer for women. This is also the case at professional level in the UK. There are now no full-time professional womens clubs. This is in contrast to women in football in the USA. The women have their own professional league with there seeming more interest in the womens game than in the mens. Due to this, the American womens national team has been very successful, winning two world cups. This shows just how far the British governing bodies are behind their American counterparts. In the past it has been seen unfeminine for women to play football in the UK. This has come from sexism in previous governments. Female football gets much less coverage on TV with only the Womens FA cup and internationals shown on TV. Some English women have had to resort to travelling to America to earn a living from football. Nationwide has sponsorship of the three womens leagues, under the banner of The F.A. Nationwide Womens Premier League. Nationwide also enjoy sponsorship of The F.A. Premier League Cup and partner sponsorship of The F.A. Womens Community Shield, The FA Womens Cup and the England womens teams.  Although there are girls teams at schools at the moment, there is much less participation than by the boys. This is because there seems to be no importance in the womens game. There are local cups as well as county and national cups. Unlike with the boys where there are teams for each year, there are teams for a group of ages, such as under15s or under 18s. This is again due to the lack of participation of the girls. There are a few scholarships for elite womens footballers at places such as Kingston and Richmond universities, but nowhere near the amount of their male counterparts. These scholarships are obviously only for the elite women footballers. At the moment womens football in England i s not very popular. Even the Womens World Cup and Womens football in the Olympics do not draw a lot of viewers. I believe that the only way that womens football could become more appealing would be if it could be hosted in this country. This would draw a lot of attention to the womens game. Provision for disabled athletes  Although there are huge numbers of people playing football all over the country, there are very few organisations who cater for disabled participants.  The British Football Association for the Visually Impaired, was established in the late 1970s to allow the opportunity for those individuals aged 16 and upwards with visual impairments, whether totally blind or partially sighted, to participate in football.  From those humble beginnings where only a handful of teams were involved came the implementation of a league system in 1980 and the visually impaired football league catering for partially sighted players has evolved progressively to this day. Today the British Blind Sport Football League comprises two divisions each containing 7 teams playing 5-a-side indoor football nation-wide teams from as far a field as the north-east South Shields and the south-west Avon Sports based in Bristol. The North West are represented by Northern Sports (Manchester) and Inter Cosmos mainly Cheshire based. The Midlands have a number of clubs; Birmingham Sports, Midland All-Stars, Loughborough Lions and the Royal National College for the Blind, RNC. The capital is represented by London Sports. Fulham Deaf FC was founded in 2003 by a group of deaf footballers led by Nick Beese who was somewhat concerned about the lack of deaf football opportunities in South West London and very keen to make a contribution in improving deaf football welfare in South West London, prior to the setting up of Fulham Deaf, there were only three deaf football clubs registered in the British Deaf Sports National Cup from London, whereas previously there used to be twelve London representations. The number of Deaf football clubs has decreased over the last decade unfortunately due to the lack of support and commitment from the community. Lack of understanding from the outside community has also contributed to this temporary downfall. However it does not mean that the numbers of deaf footballers in London are on the decline, as there are many active deaf five a-side teams in the capital competing in local five-a-side mainstream league.

Human Cloning is Against Gods Will :: reproductive technology

Human Cloning is Against God's Will When I first began this essay, I held no stance on the subject of human cloning. After my initial research, I came to the conclusion that there was no real evidence that human cloning should be illegal. My first draft however lacked good arguments. I’ve since returned to the library and took a new look at the problem. And, after more research my stance was changed. Human cloning, while bringing some good, is not God’s will, and any God fearing human should consider human cloning wrong. There are many good reasons why human cloning should not be outlawed. Parents unable to have children could clone themselves. â€Å"If and when human cloning becomes possible, it will represent little more than another step in reproductive technology and one that individuals would be free to choose if they desire† (Hines). The children, being genetic replicas of the parents, would be true offspring. This would comfort the parents in the fact that they truly lived on through their children. This technology could also bring great things to the medical world. â€Å"The technology of cloning may well allow biotechnologists to develop animals which will grow human-compatible organs for transplant. Cloning is likely to be first used to create animals that produce valuable therapeutic hormones, enzymes, and proteins† (Bailey 2). These advances could save many human lives, all through cloning. The cloning of humans could also be applied to endangered animals.  "Cloning something as extinct as the stars of Jurassic Park remains fiction, but Lanza has just received permission from Spain to clone the bucardo, a mountain goat that became extinct when a tree fell on ‘Celia,’ the last of its kind. The tissue was frozen; if it can be cloned in the egg of a common ibex, the bucardo would live again. ‘We hope to have live bucardo kids by early summer,’ says Lanza† (Begley 3). We could take action against the deaths of whole species. This technology could turn the world on its head. However, just like test tube babies were denounced in the sixty’s, we now do the same with cloning. Before the technology has even entered the door, we ask it to leave by not only banning the idea but any research on it. Nevertheless, with enough research these things could be a reality in the future.

Coordinate Activities And To Use The Available Resources

A formal national EE scheme or policy though has every bit yet non been set up due to miss of political will ( Mayo et al. , 2008 ) , even though the National Environment Education Strategy Action Group was set up in early 1996 ( Department of Health Policy and Planning, 1997 ) . Research shows that EE has ingrained its roots in the primary educational field ( Pace, 1997 ) , where it is reasonably easy to incorporate cross-curricular EE in the schoolroom since most of the clip there is merely one instructor responsible for the instruction of all the topics. In the secondary educational field, it is less easy, since different topics are thought by different instructors and therefore acquisition is more disconnected. Pace ( 1997 ) argued that there are three obstructions which limit the extract of EE in secondary school course of study: stiff capable compartmentalization deficiency of preparation for learning forces stiff timetables and direction constructions Environmental surveies was introduced as a topic in the secondary course of study, but it is non implemented in public schools where they still have separate lessons and instructors for geographics, history and societal surveies. Still environmental issues are normally tackled in scientific topics such as incorporate scientific discipline, biological science, chemical science, natural philosophies and geographics. The EkoSkola programme though, in both primary and secondary schools, has successfully driven multidisciplinary EE in schools. The programme supports a whole school attack and weaves EE rules within a school ‘s direction policy and the mundane running of the school. In post-secondary schools acquisition is even more disconnected with different instructors learning non merely different topics, but besides different subjects within the same topic. Like in secondary schools environmental issues are normally addressed in science-related topics. In 1994, an intermediate degree certification in Environmental Science was launched. However, the class does non supply a holistic overview of environmental issues because the syllabus panel regarded the debut of socio-cultural facets as an effort to chant down the course of study ( Pace, 1997 ) . Students taking to inscribe into university, have to follow a Systems of Knowledge class which consists of four faculties. Module 4 is called ‘Sustainable Development and Environment ‘ and apart from taking to further cognition on local and international sustainable development issues, it besides aims to further pro-environmental attitudes and values such as: The value of sustainable development as a merely method of covering with environmental issues Concern and duty for the environment Committedness to actively take part in enterprises aimed at protecting the environment ( Matsec, Syllabus 2011 ) The job with this class though is that it involves a concluding scrutiny and at least a base on balls is a demand for university registration. Harmonizing to Pace ( 1997 ) , the class ‘s purposes are non wholly fulfilled as the scholars ‘ chief concern is to obtain a certification in the topic instead than widening their cognition.2.2.2 Problems with Education for Sustainable DevelopmentHave pedagogues responded to the demand, values and methods of ESD? Harmonizing to Bybee ( 1991 ) , pedagogues have responded neither ap ­propriately nor sufficiently, but they have reacted chiefly by concentrating on modern-day jobs individually, such as the energy crisis, acerb rain or population growing, and the consequence has been uncoordinated, unconnected educa ­tional stuffs. Sterling ( 2001 ) suggests that a ground why educational systems across the Earth have hardly responded to the challenge of reorientation may be that there has been deficient elucidation of the alterations in instruction that would be necessary for the ends of EE to be fulfilled. What has been losing is lucidity about the vision of the instruction that is needed, and besides a scheme of how to come on towards such a vision, bearing in head the power of the dominant societal and educational paradigms. Harmonizing to Pace ( 2005 ) , though, the major job is the inclination of educational establishments to take the easiest manner out – the relabeling of traditional patterns such as Nature Study, as EE, instead than the restructuring of educational constructions. This might stem from the failure of policy-makers to understand what is needed to accomplish proper EE ( Pace, 1992 ) . Leal Filho ( 1996 ) suggests that this deficiency of apprehension, confusion and slow acceptance of proper EE has been aggravated by academic arguments about nomenclature. At this point, it is of import to separate between instruction about the environment and instruction for the environment. The first refers to geting cognition and consciousness about issues and roll uping informations on these issues ; the 2nd refers to utilizing instruction to construct a more sustainable hereafter. Education for the environment is more than cognition edifice. It includes new attitudes, positions and values that usher and tip people towards more sustainable life styles. Barriers to EE are non merely present on a national and institutional degree but besides on a schoolroom degree. Some barriers are external and logistic in nature such every bit such as deficiency of clip ( Ko and Lee, 2003, as cited by Kim and Fortner, 2006 ) . However, there are besides barriers that act more on a personal degree, such as instructors ‘ attitude, content cognition, and pedagogical cognition ( Kim and Fortner, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to Makki et al. , ( 2003 ) , it is besides non plenty to develop and implement a course of study in which EE is conspicuously represented. They continue to reason that even though an improved course of study may supply instructors and pupils with tonss of information, if it does non surrogate creativeness, involvement, and pupil engagement, the consequence will be deficiency of meaningful acquisition and motive. A critical, but by and large disregarded facet of EE is environmental political instruction, which teaches how alterations can be achieved via political activism directed at Governments, international administrations, and even corporations ( United Nations, 2004 ) . In other words, EE should be aimed at bring forthing environmentally responsible citizens, non merely green consumers.2.3 Young personEnvironmental issues affect immature people in a disproportional manner since they are the 1s who have to populate for a longer period of clip in a deteriorating environment handed down to them by old coevalss. Young people are the 1s that will decidedly necessitate to supply extremist solutions to the environmental jobs caused by contemporary actions ( Bradley et al. , 1999 ) . Young people should therefore be compelled to prosecute in new signifiers of action and activism that will bring forth effectual consequences in the field of environmental protection ( United Nations, 2004 ) . The h ereafter of the universe is, after all, their hereafter. The universe ‘s 1.2 billion immature people aged 15-24 constitute 18 per cent of the planetary population ( United Nations, 2007 ) . Young people play many functions in society. They are non merely scholars but besides consumers of many things including energy. They are intelligibly besides concerned by societal, cultural, economic and environmental issues. Young people therefore have a cardinal function to play in determining the hereafter, including in finding forms of energy ingestion, and other factors taking to climate alteration. The development of pro-environmental attitudes and behavior in young person is therefore seen as really of import for a sustainable hereafter ( Eagles and Demare, 1999 ) . The United Nations ( UNCED, 1992 ) identified young persons as cardinal stakeholders that have a alone part to do towards sustainable development, and dedicated Chapter 25 in Agenda 21 to the importance of kids and immature people in the engagement in determination devising to make their ain hereafter. Agenda 21 promotes the function of immature people in decision-making by withstanding the popular discourse that since immature people are inexperienced and unqualified, they should non be considered ( De Lucca, 2004 ) . Young people have a right to be listened to and involved in the issues and determinations that affect their lives, non merely today but besides in the hereafter. Besides, the experience of immature people populating in the modern universe, conveying alone positions that need to be taken into history, and their creativeness, open-mindedness, and energy enable them to seek out the alteration that they want to see and force for it. Therefore the engagement of immature peo ple in determination devising procedures will decidedly act upon the long-run success of sustainable development. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, frequently shortened to Rio Declaration, is a short papers that was produced at the same conference ( Earth Summit ) . The Rio Declaration consists of 27 rules intended to steer future sustainable development around the universe. Principle 21 concerns youth, and suggests that the creativeness, ideals and bravery of immature people should be mobilised to make a planetary partnership that will vouch a better hereafter for everyone through sustainable development ( United Nations, 1992 ) . These two paperss ( Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration ) highlight the importance of young person to the future sustainability of our environment both in Malta and throughout the universe. The National Youth Policy ( Parliamentary Secretariat for Youth and Sport, 2010 ) affirms that the State recognises ‘that young person engagement in preserving and protecting the environment is an of import part towards the attainment of sustainability ‘ ( 3.8.1.2 ) , and that it should seek schemes that promote and promote ‘the active function of immature people and their administrations in recommending steps to battle clime alteration, conserve bio-cultural diverseness and better the quality of human life ‘ ( 3.8.2.2 ) . ESD is truly the key to enabling young persons to accomplish a sustainable hereafter. Agenda 21 expects authoritiess to set up task-forces that include young persons and young person NGOs to develop ESD programmes specifically aiming young persons on relevant critical issues ( UNCED, 1992 ) . This is because ESD is the best tool to inform and call up all immature people, to take part actively in community activities that contribute to planet ary sustainable development, therefore authorising them to take part in social transmutation ( UNESCO, 2004 ) . One of the purposes of this research stems from the demand to do ESD more available to immature people, and is therefore to place some factors that encourage a alteration in behavior in immature people so that more effectual programmes could be developed. It is hoped that more immature people take the lead in sustainable development. Young person have a major function in political relations and they can utilize their influence as a long-run constituency to name upon political leaders to take more pro-environmental determinations ( United Nations, 2003 ) since they are the 1 that will confront the effects of bad determinations, for the longest period of clip. Today ‘s immature people have more power and possible to make alteration on planetary and local degrees than they have had in any old coevals ( Corriero, 2004 ) . This addition is due both to the increased attempts at inclusion by determination shapers who recognise the importance of the parts of immature people to determination devising and to the easiness of treatment and information exchange as a consequence of the Internet ( Arnold et al. , 2009 ) . In general, immature people are frequently more open to information about the environment than do people from older coevalss. In portion this is due to the handiness of more EE in schools, at least in the developed universe and possibly more periodically elsewhere ( United Nations, 2004 ) . Besides holding been more open to environmental issues by agencies of formal, non-formal and informal instruction, youth have lived all their lives in an epoch in which these issues have become rather seeable. Because young person have a stronger consciousness of the issues and a greater interest in sustainable development, this should be an country in which they ought to take the lead to advance more consciousness and to convey about concrete alterations. Young people surely rose to the challenge at the COP-15 of the UNFCCC in Copenhagen, Denmark, in December 2009. At COP-15, universe leaders met to negociate the protocol that will follow the Kyoto Protocol, upon its termination. The end was to hold on new adhering understandings to extenuate clime alteration. As those with the most to lose, 1000000s of young person from around the Earth gathered forces and campaigned, lobbied and protested to allow their leaders know that they care for their hereafter and that it must be protected. Despite the importance of young person battle in sustainable development, there has been small research conducted on immature people who are leaders in environmental action ( Arnold et al. , 2009 ) . This type of research will enable informed attempts to prosecute immature people in environmental issues. Such battle could hold deductions for their involvement and engagement in environmental action throughout their lives. The immature people involved in this survey have, for a figure of grounds, developed a deep concern for the natural environment, so much so that they have become portion of an administration that speaks out for the environment. They strive for the capacity to do alterations in those procedures of society which they consider to be impeding its sustainability.2.4 Research into Attitudes and BehaviourIt is clear that the attitudes, cognition, and concerns that immature people have about the environment will straight and indirectly affect nowadays and future determinations refering the environment and sustainable development. Therefore, if we examine immature peoples ‘ attitudes, cognition, and concerns about the environment around them, we can hold a better apprehension of the way we are headed. It is besides of import to larn about the direct parts that they are doing to prolong and back up the environment, and to observe the illustrations of good pattern. Young leaders of altera tion can move as function theoretical accounts for other immature people. Human behavior is seen as an of import subscriber to environmental jobs and their solutions ( Gardner and Stern, 2002 ; Nickerson, 2003 ) , and instruction purposes to determine human behavior ( Hungerford and Volk, 1990 ) . Therefore behavioral theories have been widely used to inform and develop EE. Ajzen and Fishbein ‘s ( 1980 ) theoretical account of sound action is one of the most often cited. Harmonizing to their theory, purpose to move has a direct consequence on behavior, and can be predicted by attitude. Attitude is formed by subjective norms and beliefs. From its origin EE sought to promote pro-environmental behaviors and in the beginning this was based on a behavioral alteration theoretical account that hypothesised a additive relationship among cognition, attitude, and action ( Hines et al. , 1986-1987 ; Hungerford and Volk, 1990 ) . Environmental pedagogues and research workers therefore thought that any cognition gained about the environment and environmental issues would ensue in the development of a pro-environmental attitude, which in bend would take to pro-environmental behavior. This premise is still present to some extent in the instruction community. Working under this premise, early EE research workers sought to happen out what cognition and experiences characterised people that held pro-environmental attitudes. The implicit in premise was that if this cognition and these experiences could be replicated through EE, pro-environmental attitudes would be fostered amongst the general populace, and pro-environmental behaviors would so ensue. Corraliza and Berenguer ( 2000 ) specify pro-environmental attitudes as people ‘s sensitivities, to pay attending to, be concerned about, and, finally, to move in the name of environmental protection. Harmonizing to Kraus ( 1995 ) , attitude is one of the most of import determiners of behavior. Therefore, understanding the footing of an attitude is of import if one is to seek and ease behaviors alteration. Since a clear end of EE is to alter behavior, Pooley and O'Connor ( 2002 ) suggest that it would be advantageous to first understand the footing of environmental attitudes and so utilize that understanding to ease altering environmental behavior. Attitude research could therefore besides be a utile vehicle for finally planing EE plans ( Newhouse, 1990 ) . Some surveies support the relationship between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors ( Dunlap and Van Liere, 1978 ; Kaiser et al. , 1999 ; Meinhold and Malkus, 2005 ; Oskamp et al. , 1991 ) . Assorted other surveies though, have concluded that the environmental attitude-behaviour association is flimsy ( Axelrod and Lehman, 1993 ; Barrett and Kuroda, 2002 ; Kaplowitz and Levine, 2005 ; Kraus, 1995 ; Mogensen, and Nielsen, 2001 ; Newhouse, 1990 ; Schultz and Oskamp, 1996 ; Tuncer et al. , 2005 ) . Even though these surveies report a high degree of cognition and positive environmental attitude, behavior is reported to be non so positive. This was confirmed to be true to the Maltese islands every bit good. Mifsud ( 2008 ) studies that the overall attitude towards the environment, of pupils in post-secondary instruction appears to be strongly positive, but pupils by and large seem to execute small positive action towards the environment. Similar consequences were found in other surveies ( Grima, 2008 ) . So, even though many people view themselves as ‘environmentalists ‘ ( Pieters et al. , 1998 ) , they do non interpret their attitudes into pro-environmental behavi or. One ground may be pro-environmental behaviors frequently does non ensue in an immediate single net income but in a long-run corporate net income, which is frequently non appreciated by the person. The single benefits obtained from going by auto and devouring endlessly, without consideration of negative environmental impacts, non dividing waste, and non conserving energy, are immediate, whereas the negative environmental effects of such behaviors are frequently unsure effects in the hereafter. Another ground for this spread between attitudes and behavior might be the manner in which we are presenting EE. The formal instruction system is strongly knowledge based and it is clearly non taking to the desired result. This clashes strongly with the proper purposes of EE which focus strongly on a alteration in behavior and life style. What is the benefit of EE if there is no action? Environmental jobs jeopardizing ecosystems and societies are due to human activities. To be reduced, they therefore require alterations in human behavior ( Pawlik, 1991 ) . It is therefore really of import to analyze other factors instead than knowledge that Foster a alteration in behavior. This will assist us to rethink instruction and happen new avenues of affecting immature people in positive environmental actions. There is in fact a big and invariably turning sum of literature that trades with the inquiry of how human behaviours that impact the natural environment can be explained and fostered. To successfully advance pro-environmental behavior, a better apprehension of the assorted factors that influence people to prosecute in such behavior is of import. Future EE attempts will definately profit from a closer consideration of hindrances to and incentives of pro-environmental behavior. It is non ever easy though to find such factors as sometimes, even if the behavior has a positive impact on the environment, it might be performed for other grounds than to protect the environment, for illustration, conserving energy in the family to salvage money or utilizing a bike alternatively of a auto to acquire some exercising. On the other manus, possibly we should non seek to extinguish these factors but see them at the same time with the ‘purely ‘ environmental grounds. After all to underst and and pattern sustainable development we need to incorporate environmental, economic and societal facets.2.5 Research on the Factors that Foster Pro-environmental Behaviour2.5.1 ValuessIt is frequently suggested that environmental attitudes and environmental behaviors are related to people ‘s values ( Poortinga et al. , 2004 ; Schultz and Zelezny, 1999 ; Stern, 2000a ) . Valuess are ingrained personal criterions that guide us through decision-making in life. Valuess are hence at the root of our attitudes and behavior. It has been argued that environmental jobs are mostly ingrained into the traditional values, attitudes, and beliefs of a given society ( Deng et al. , 2006 ) . Harmonizing to Johnson et Al. ( 2004 ) different populations with specific societal patterns and cultural traits are likely to keep different values

The Sudden Blow

Her head was pounding from the sudden blow. Blood was running down the side her face as she began to remember. He had tormented her, degraded her feelings, and took away her financial stability. She felt forever trapped as she was the only one to witness such vile acts. â€Å"There is no one here to see this. There is no one here to save me from what happens inside these walls† she whispered, voice cracking. Victims like this must go through the injustice of not being able to feel safe in their own home or even their own skin. Whether it be inflicting harm for the victim through physical abuse, toying with their emotions through emotional abuse, or financially controlling them through financial abuse, abusers find ways for many women to suffer from domestic abuse in their daily lives. Physical abuse is one of the many aspects of domestic abuse. This type of abuse is most known as it can be seen with one's own eyes. However, physical abuse doesn't always have to happen on the victim. In many cases, physical abuse can happen somewhere near the victim. It shows that â€Å"When a partner is violent near or around you, doing things like punching a hole in the wall, the message is ‘Next time this could be your head'† (Carlson 146). Numerous amounts of people will brush off the incident and believe that it will not mean anything in the future but this sort of act can escalate quickly and leave the victim in shambles. If this message is given, the abuser is releasing their anger on an object physically and it will not be long before the abuser directs their anger on their victim – the one who caused their distress. Once they direct their anger on the victim, it can lead to extreme violence that the victim is not capable of keeping under control. Sam is a victim who had been physically abused herself. She speaks out about one of the stories of her journey with physical abuse:I was at home and I cooked his dinner†¦he came home when the food was on the table. He was like ‘Oh, it's too cold,' so I put it in the microwave and warmed it up. I gave it to him and he said it was too hot†¦and you start to get this worried feeling like ‘It's going to happen. He's going to hurt me.' He threw the plate and smashed it against my head and he started beating me up and kicking me on the floor and punching. (Sam?)This is an example of severe physical abuse. Here, the abuser takes a typical, simple misunderstanding and exaggerates it until it reaches its full capacity. In most cases, those who are in healthy relationships would be able to work this out without it becoming physical. The victim shows that she has the constant worry of not wanting to go against the abuser's needs. Thus, they are always tip toeing around the abuser and the second they do something even the slightest bit wrong, it becomes another heated fight. This instance is just one glimpse of what a day in the life of a physically abused partner must go through. There are always other cases. Some outcomes of physical abuse could even be fatal. This is one of the more extreme cases of physical abuse. It should be known that â€Å"One woman is fatally shot by a spouse, ex-spouse, or dating partner every 14 hours† (â€Å"NCADV†). Many do not understand the significance of homicide in physical abuse and do not link this importance to the fact that it still happens. This statistic shows that those who are in domestic abuse relationships are at a very high risk of being killed by their significant other.

Should America Go to War essays

Should America Go to War essays On September 11, 2001 at 8:45am, American Airlines flight 11 slammed into the North tower of the World Trade Center, in the heart of New Yorks financial district, and changed the lives of Americans forever. America was unexpectedly attacked by terrorists, and the prime suspect is Osama Bin Laden. Americans are in shock, and are feeling agony, pain, grief, fear, but most of all, anger and rage. We all want revenge and retaliation on the evil, heartless people who did this. But the question is, should America go to war? And if we do, who do we fight against? We are not sure because this is not a fight against a certain country, this is a fight against Terrorism. There should be no doubt that the United States should find the perpetrators of the World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks and use whatever military force is necessary against them. If the mastermind behind these heinous acts is indeed Osama bin Laden, then our goal should be the total destruction of his al Qaeda terrorist group. If it is bin Laden, then the Taliban government in Afghanistan should suffer the wrath and might of a U.S. response. President Bush made clear from the outset that the United States would "make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts, and those who harbor them." But we are also at a crossroad. We need to make the distinction between retaliation against those responsible specifically for the World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks versus a war on terrorism. These are two very different things. The former is a daunting task of tracking down the setup of a distributed terrorist network and destroying it. The latter - "a global assault against terrorism in general," according to Secretary of State Colin Powell - is completely uncharted waters. We have to understand that going after terrorists is not a routine military operation such as the Gulf War. Bush says What we ...

Sociologists Take Historic Stand on Racism and Police Brutality

Sociologists Take Historic Stand on Racism and Police Brutality The 2014 annual meeting of the American Sociological Association (ASA) took place in San Francisco on the heels of the killing of unarmed black teen, Michael Brown, at the hands of a white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri. It also happened during a community uprising shrouded in police brutality, so many sociologists in attendance had the national crises of police brutality and racism on their minds. The ASA, however, created no official space for discussion of these issues, nor had the 109-year-old organization made any kind of public statement on them, despite the fact that the amount of published sociological research on these issues could fill a library. Frustrated by this lack of action and dialog, some attendees created a grassroots discussion group and task force to address these crises. Neda Maghbouleh, Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Toronto-Scarborough, was one of those who took the lead. Explaining why, she said, â€Å"We had a critical mass of thousands of trained sociologists within two blocks of each other at ASA- equipped to marshal history, theory, data, and hard facts toward a social crisis like Ferguson. So ten of us, complete strangers, met for thirty minutes in a hotel lobby to hash out a plan to get as many concerned sociologists as possible to contribute to, edit, and sign a document. I was committed to helping in any way possible because it’s moments like these that affirm the value of social science for society.† The document† Dr. Maghbouleh refers to is an open letter to U.S. society at-large, that was signed by over 1,800 sociologists, this author among them. The letter began by pointing out that what transpired in Ferguson was born of â€Å"deeply ingrained racial, political, social and economic inequities,† and then specifically named the conduct of policing, especially in black communities and in the context of protest, as a serious social problem. The authors and signatories  implored â€Å"law enforcement, policymakers, media, and the nation to consider decades of sociological analysis and research that can inform the necessary conversations and solutions required to address the systemic issues that the events in Ferguson have raised.† The authors pointed out that much sociological research has already established the existence of society-wide problems present in the case of Ferguson, like â€Å"a pattern of racialized policing,† historically rooted â€Å"institutionalized racism within police departments and the criminal justice system more broadly,†Ã‚  the â€Å"hyper-surveillance of black and brown youth,† and the disproportionate targeting and disrespectful treatment of black men and women by police.  These troubling phenomena foster  suspicion about people of color, create an environment in which it is impossible for people of color to trust police, which in turn undermines the ability of police to do their job: serve and protect. The authors wrote, â€Å"Instead of feeling protected by police, many African Americans are intimidated and live in daily fear that their children will face abuse, arrest, and death at the hands of police officers who may be acting on implicit biases or institutional policies based on stereotypes and assumptions of black criminality.† They then  explained that brutal police treatment of protestors is â€Å"rooted in the history of repression of African American protest movements and attitudes about blacks that often drive contemporary police practices.† In response, sociologists called for â€Å"greater attention to the conditions (e.g., joblessness and political disenfranchisement) that have contributed to the marginalization of residents† of Ferguson and other communities, and explained that â€Å"focused and sustained government and community attention on these issues is required to bring about healing and a change in the economic and political structures that have thus far ignored and left many in such areas vulnerable to police abuse.† The letter concluded with a list of demands required for â€Å"an appropriate response to the death of Michael Brown,† and to address the larger, nation-wide issue of racist police policies and practices: Immediate assurance from law enforcement authorities in Missouri and the federal government that constitutional rights to peaceful assembly and freedom of the press will be protected.A civil rights investigation into the incidents related to the death of Michael Brown and general police practices in Ferguson.The establishment of an independent committee to study and analyze the failures of the policing efforts during the week following Michael Brown’s death. Ferguson residents, including leaders of grassroots organizations, should be included on the committee throughout this process. The committee must provide a clear roadmap for resetting community-police relations in a way that grants oversight power to residents.An independent comprehensive national study of the role of implicit bias and systemic racism in policing. Federal funding should be allocated to support police departments in implementing the recommendations from the study and ongoing monitoring and public reporting of key benchmarks (e.g., use of force, arrests by race) and improvements in police practices. Legislation requiring the use of dash and body-worn cameras to record all police interactions. Data from these devices should be immediately stored in tamper-proof databases, and there should be clear procedures for public access to any such recordings.Increased transparency of public law enforcement, including independent oversight agencies with guaranteed full access to law enforcement policies and on-the-ground operations; and more streamlined, transparent and efficient procedures for the processing of complaints and FOIA requests.Federal legislation, currently being developed by Rep. Hank Johnson (D-GA), to halt the transfer of military equipment to local police departments, and additional legislation to curtail the use of such equipment against domestic civilian populations.Establishment of a ‘Ferguson Fund’ that will support long term strategies grounded in the principles of social justice, systems reform and racial equity to bring about substantial and sustained c hange in Ferguson and other communities facing similar challenges. To learn more about the underlying issues of systemic racism and police brutality, check out The Ferguson Syllabus compiled by  Sociologists for Justice. Many of the readings included are available online.

The Religious Right Definition and Issues

The Religious Right Definition and Issues The movement generally referred to in the U.S. as the Religious Right came of age in the late 1970s. While its extremely diverse and shouldnt be characterized in simple terms, its an ultraconservative religious response to the sexual revolution. Its a response to events that are seen by Religious Right proponents as being connected to the sexual revolution. Its goal is to effect this religious response as public policy. Family Values From a Religious Right perspective, the sexual revolution has brought American culture to a fork in the road. Either the American people can endorse a traditional and religious institution of family and the values of loyalty and self-sacrifice along with it, or they can endorse a secular hedonistic lifestyle grounded in self-gratification and with it a profound moral nihilism. Proponents of the Religious Rights approach to public policy do not tend to see any broadly applicable alternatives to these two possibilities- such as a hedonistic religious culture or a deeply moral secular culture- for religious reasons. Abortion If the modern Religious Right had a birthday, it would be January 22, 1973. That was the day the Supreme Court handed down its ruling in Roe v. Wade, establishing that all women have the right to choose to have an abortion. For many religious conservatives, this was the ultimate extension of the sexual revolution- the idea that sexual and reproductive freedom could be used to defend what many religious conservatives consider to be murder. Lesbian and Gay Rights Religious Right proponents tend to blame the sexual revolution for increasing social acceptance of homosexuality, which some religious conservatives regard as a contagious sin that can be spread to youth by exposure. Hostility toward lesbians and gay men reached a fever pitch in the movement during the 1980s and 1990s, but the movement has since transitioned into a calmer, more measured opposition to gay rights initiatives such as  same-sex marriage, civil unions, and nondiscrimination laws. Pornography The Religious Right has also tended to oppose the legalization and distribution of pornography. It considers it to be another decadent effect of the sexual revolution. Media Censorship While media censorship has not often been a central legislative policy position of the Religious Right, individual activists within the movement have historically seen the increase of sexual content on television as a dangerous symptom of and a sustaining force behind cultural acceptance of sexual promiscuity. Grassroots movements such as the Parents Television Council have taken aim at television programs that contain sexual content or that appear to condone sexual relations outside of marriage. Religion in Government The Religious Right is often associated with attempts to defend or reintroduce government-sponsored religious practices ranging from government-endorsed school prayer to government-funded religious monuments. But such policy controversies are generally seen within the Religious Right community as symbolic battles, representing flashpoints in the culture war between religious supporters of family values and secular supporters of hedonistic culture. The Religious Right and Neoconservatism Some leaders within the Religious Right  see theocratic movements within Islam as a greater threat than secular culture since the events of 9/11. The 700 Clubs Rev. Pat Robertson endorsed thrice-divorced, pro-choice former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani in the 2008 presidential elections because of Giulianis perceived tough stance against religion-motivated terrorism. The Future of the Religious Right The concept of the Religious Right has always been vague, nebulous, and vaguely insulting toward the tens of millions of evangelical voters who are most often counted among its ranks. Evangelical voters are as diverse as any other voting bloc, and the Religious Right as a movement- represented by organizations such as the Moral Majority and the Christian Coalition- never received evangelical voters ubiquitous support. Is the Religious Right a Threat?   It would be naive to say that the Religious Right no longer poses a threat to civil liberties, but it no longer poses the most serious threat to civil liberties- if it ever did. As the general atmosphere of obedience following the September 11 attacks demonstrated, all demographics can be manipulated by fear. Some religious conservatives are more motivated than most by the fear of a potentially hedonistic, nihilistic culture. The proper response to that fear is not to dismiss it but to help find more constructive ways to respond to it.

Business Research Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Business Research Analysis - Essay Example However, due to an increase in the intensity of competition within the tourism industry, it is essential to look into the level of customer satisfaction. In order to carry out the same the study has used a questionnaire survey among the existing customers of the company. The questionnaire is described below in the appendix section of the project (Questionnaire Appendix 1.) PART I (b) Distribution Method and Associated Documents As mentioned above, the study intends to examine the level of customer satisfaction among the existing customers of the company. In order to do so, a questionnaire survey will be used by the company. However, only the development of questionnaire will not serve the purpose it needs to be distributed properly so as to ensure higher response rate. Presently the company has 3200 registered customers in the data base. Among the total numbers of customers around 20% i.e. 640 customers will be contacted by post. The remaining 80% of the customers will be approached via e-mail. The respondents will be sent an email with the attachment of the questionnaire. The customers will be asked to reply back with their responses. ... However, the SMS will not disclose the incentives to be provided but will notify about a guaranteed prize. The incentives to be offered to the customers for taking part in the survey will be flat 20% discount in the next trip. Furthermore 3 lucky respondents will get digital camera from the company, 10 lucky winners will get travel bags and 20 lucky respondents will win 8 GB memory stick. With such lucrative offers, it is expected that the company will be able to achieve at least 30% overall response. The coding plan as well as other supported documents such as consent form, confidentiality forms etc. that are to be sent to the customers are presented in the Appendix section of the study. PART I (c) Critical Evaluation of the Questionnaire Tours and Travel industry is one of the rapidly growing industries of the world. This is probably the only industry which is least impacted by the external business situation. Although, economic crisis and financial downturn reduces the growth rate of this industry, but it maintains a steady growth rate despite of several unwanted situations. According to reports, tourism is one of the major contributors to the national economy of a country. Due to the robust growth of travel and tourism industry, the level of job creation is growing at a robust pace accounting to one and half times faster than the other industries. It is one of the labour intensive industries of the world and employs around 200 million people worldwide. There are several forms of tourism namely sustainable tourism, eco tourism, pro-poor tourism, medical tourism, recession tourism, educational tourism, dart tourism, creative tourism, and doom tourism among others. This project intends to shed light on the

HSBC Plc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

HSBC Plc - Essay Example rce capability, HSBC provides a comprehensive range of financial services: personal, commercial, corporate, investment and private banking; trade services; cash management; treasury and capital markets services; insurance; consumer and business finance; pension and investment and management; trustee services; and securities and custody services. financial services in 83 countries and territories. It provides its customers with a wide range of banking and other financial services, selected to complement its strategy in each market. Where HSBC enjoys large scale – or, in the case of emerging markets, where scale can be built – it offer a full range of personal financial products. In other markets, it participates more selectively, meeting the needs of customers with strong international connections. Sometimes it innovates and at other times, it relaunches some products as per the need of the market. HSBC has adopted a unified brand, using HSBC and its hexagon symbol nearly everywhere it operates, with the aim of enhancing recognition of the Group and its values by customers, shareholders and staff throughout the world. The branding initiative allowed HSBC to develop new services and products on a worldwide scale, all bearing the Group’s identity. Since 2002, the HSBC identity has carried the strap line â €˜the world’s local bank’ emphasising the Group’s experience and understanding of a great variety of markets and cultures. HSBC follows the Product Invention Strategy(Kotler,422) . This means that either it develops new products or reintroduces earlier product forms and promotion does not change. It could be diagramatically represented as follows: Managing for Growth Strategy: This strategy provides HSBC with a blueprint for organic growth and development. This strategy was launched in 2003 and would continue up to 2008. The plan aims at guiding the Group to achieve management’s vision to be the world’s leading financial services company. The company

Investigation of Investors in People in the UK Leisure Industry - Essay

Investigation of Investors in People in the UK Leisure Industry - Using Fitness First as a case study - Essay Example The corporation’s entire staff, clients, and vendors were affected directly or indirectly when incorporating change. Fitness First UK’s employees work hard in order that client scan recuperate from the stresses of daily life. Perhaps by implementing Investors in People, the largest health club organization, which caters to their external people (clients) can also provide cater to their internal people (employee) and reach its objective more effectively. Hence, the focus of this project was to evaluate how the Investors in People Standard, can be implemented the current policies of Fitness First UK. The Investors in People Standard, or the Standard, provides a framework for organization to follow. However, the framework is kept open and flexible so that organisations can adjust and customize to meet its needs. Based on the actions of the planning cycle, the Standard’s guidelines are to Plan, Do, and Review. It is not strictly structured in order that organizations can implement the Standard in the way that is best. This makes sense and is highly effective because each organization and its people are extremely unique. Investors in People UK list their framework: Scutt (1998) lists, â€Å"The current Director, John Layne, joined Airline Operations during 1994 and quickly identified the need to improve its business performance, customer service, and reduce costs. The Director was aware of the existence of Investors in People and saw it as the tool that would facilitate the implementation of a culture to achieve the required improvements†¦It was formally communicated throughout the function and gained very strong support from the Trade Unions. Fitness First is the largest health club operator in the UK and Europe. Having grown from a single health club, twelve years later Fitness First has 1.2 million members in fifteen countries. There are 166 Fitness First clubs in the UK, which is the focus of this case study. They

Dr Pepper (one of the sodas) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dr Pepper (one of the sodas) - Research Paper Example These strategies are as follows;- The company has focused on advertising the product to the Hispanic community mostly since they are the primary consumers of carbonated soft drinks. They do so by sponsoring events for instance they sponsored 15TH annual Latin Grammy’s hence creating a good public image. It led to the increase of 23% sales in the following year. Dr. Pepper grew in different categories by leveraging its distribution agreement for third party brands such as Vita coconut water. In the first parts or quarter of the year after using this strategy, the volume of sales increased by 8% due to the new distribution strategy. The project is important in the sense that, it shows the creativity the producer of this project had in mind. In this Charles Alderton while working in an old corner store in Texas came up with the brilliant idea to start up this project. Therefore, the project is important in the sense that it explains the merits that one will get from being innovative. Marketing strategies is another important section of this project. The innovator of Dr. Pepper soft drink ensured that he has adequate marketing strategies to win customers loyalty in the industry. From the marketing strategies that Charles Alderton employed in marketing this product, one can be able to learn how to attract efficiently and retain clients in the business. Therefore, with the innovation techniques drawn from the project, I can be able to come up come up with other new more business ideas that will be a success in the marketing industry. Besides, through proper channel selection as well as good marketing strategies I have learned how one can win customer’s loyalty and at the same time retaining them to your

Pro Life Campaign Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pro Life Campaign - Research Paper Example The group has had both moral as well as sectarian grounds to defend their stand and in most cases have even moved to court to oppose the legalization of abortion. The group argues that life begins at conception and any person who knowingly removes life should be punishable by law. They also argue that hospitals should not be allowed to perform this controversial procedure. This group does change their stand only on any grounds of incest, rape or situations when the mother’s life is at risk (Derr, 2005). Tactics The major tactics of pro-life is ultrasound legislation. This is where the group uses words to guilt mothers from taking an abortion. In most cases, the mothers feel the guilt and end up not doing the abortion but after some period of time, the same mothers come back for this procedure. This strategy even though has had some of its positive impacts; in most cases it has only been successful for some periods of time. The group also uses biblical statements to make their stands arguing that God does not promote abortion. This only works out for the few people who are religious and believe in God. However, there are people who have no religious beliefs and so they always go ahead and perform the procedure. As a result of this, the pro life organizers have been able to go to court to help convince the legislators to stop this inhumane act and in some states; this has been a success with most of the states accepting to illegalize this act only allowing it in certain circumstances (Prolife Alliance, 2007). The other tactic that the group is using is education. The group realized that responsibility can only be instilled through proper education into the minds of people. They do this by talking to teenagers and adults separately about the responsibility that comes with sexuality. They also advice women on safe sex and encourage them to always learn that abortion is never the only option that is available. The group always teaches the girls on other optio ns that are available for the baby in case they don’t want the baby. They can always think of other ideas such as foster care that provides care to children who are neglected. In most cases, this strategy has been very beneficial and most of the women have had to change their minds on abortion and have opted for other available options. In most cases, the government has also moved in to support this course of action since abortion has become a national issue and with women demanding for their rights, it has been a challenge convincing them against this action. Education strategies have therefore helped a lot (Alcorn, 2002). The other major strategy that the group uses is the shock and awe strategy. This is where they present pictures of dead infants and other disgusting images that make the public see the real truth in abortion. This has greatly touched many mothers and as a result, they have opted for other options other than abortion. This technique has been successful espe cially with commercial sex workers who are one of the largest populations that have abortion every year. Most Americans support prolife activities mainly because of this technique. The technique has not only touched the mothers but the general public as well. This has drawn debates and other public awareness campaigns to make abortion illegal and to educate girls and anyone affected on alternative methods (Alcorn, 2004). Legality Though pro life organizers have been met with different legal challenges, the movement is completely legal and its mission and vision have no illegal intention in them. However, the group has received a lot of threats from various groups. Many of the anti pro-choice organizers have moved to

Dr Pepper (one of the sodas) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dr Pepper (one of the sodas) - Research Paper Example These strategies are as follows;- The company has focused on advertising the product to the Hispanic community mostly since they are the primary consumers of carbonated soft drinks. They do so by sponsoring events for instance they sponsored 15TH annual Latin Grammy’s hence creating a good public image. It led to the increase of 23% sales in the following year. Dr. Pepper grew in different categories by leveraging its distribution agreement for third party brands such as Vita coconut water. In the first parts or quarter of the year after using this strategy, the volume of sales increased by 8% due to the new distribution strategy. The project is important in the sense that, it shows the creativity the producer of this project had in mind. In this Charles Alderton while working in an old corner store in Texas came up with the brilliant idea to start up this project. Therefore, the project is important in the sense that it explains the merits that one will get from being innovative. Marketing strategies is another important section of this project. The innovator of Dr. Pepper soft drink ensured that he has adequate marketing strategies to win customers loyalty in the industry. From the marketing strategies that Charles Alderton employed in marketing this product, one can be able to learn how to attract efficiently and retain clients in the business. Therefore, with the innovation techniques drawn from the project, I can be able to come up come up with other new more business ideas that will be a success in the marketing industry. Besides, through proper channel selection as well as good marketing strategies I have learned how one can win customer’s loyalty and at the same time retaining them to your

Highlights of my study project at CSU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Highlights of my study project at CSU - Essay Example Additionally, the total cost for semester one will amount to $27,288. This will be financed by the Kuwait government, who is my main sponsor as a result of the educational scholarship that they gave to me. Moreover, my parents will also assist me by paying for my monthly rent as well as providing the necessary support during my time in Bathurst. The relevant plan and total cost of the projects assessment relating to this course was facilitated by Microsoft Project 2013. Specifically, Microsoft Project 2013 facilitated the incorporation of a Gantt chart, recourses sheets as well as the relevant cash flow sheets that depict exactly the total costs for this course during semester one. The introduction to the study plan at SCU will mainly assess and discuss the main project goals, assumptions of the project, the main project’s scope as well as an analysis of the relevant stakeholders that are critical in the attainment of the overall goal of the project. There is a need to communi cate the project, for it is critical (Kloppenborg T, 2012). Therefore the management aspect of it is necessary. Stakeholder management is critical to project success (Reeder, 2013). Considering that there is a management aspect of it, the inclusion of goals is necessary. Goals are important to projects (Mashman, 2013). The reason why they are important is because they serve as the point by which the management should achieve. Goals are necessary because they could stand as guiding points to somewhere the management wants to situate itself both in the short and long-term run.

Bonchon Analysis Essay Example for Free

Bonchon Analysis Essay Banchan (pronounced bonchon) refers to the assorted sides served alongside a main course in Korean cuisine. About a half dozen banchan are served at any meal; the best known are kimchi — pickled dishes, made of either fermented cabbage (baechu), daikon radish (mu), or other vegetables like scallions (pa) — although they might also include japchae (glass noodles), marinated tofu, or even American potato salad. Typically served in small portions that are meant to be finished (and replenished if necessary) at every meal, banchan are shared amongst everyone at the table. My favorite banchan is ggakdugi, or kak tu gi, the spicy diced radish kimchi. BonChon is a Korean word meaning â€Å"original village†. Just as people yearn for their hometown, we hope that our customers will seek our amazingly crispy, juicy, and flavorful chicken wherever they are. As we grow and expand, we will make sure that he who seeks BonChon shall always find it. BonChon’s mission is to bring the most gratifying eating experience to people around the globe, and to be a company which cares for and grows with our franchisees and customers. Through a culture of hard work and loyalty, we aspire to be a reliable and constant source of quality food and service, dedicating ourselves to encouraging joy and positive energy in all those who encounter us.

History of the Lambada and Its Relationship With World Music

History of the Lambada and Its Relationship With World Music Lambada History is very interesting, because it is composed of many stories and it is quite difficult to hear one and the same story of Lambada. But doubtless remains the fact that the Lambada is one of the most famous and popular Latin dances, which are known and are dancing around the world. The word Lambada refers to the rhythm (a mixture of karimbo and merengue) and dance that combines elements of Forry (forrà ³), samba, merengue and maxixe (Brazilian dance of the nineteenth century), which had huge success in Europe. Lambada became the most popular dance in 1989 and early 1990s. This fiery dance which was born in Latin America, ruled the entire planet, and in Europe it sold over two million records with Lambada music. People were amazed with this music that reminded the rustle of palm trees, the lapping of the warm ocean, singing of birds. Thats why in the early 90s almost every day on American and European television was shown video of Lambada dancing by professional South American dancers. That was true musical performance video, which was kind of a dance school, and opened a whole world of Latin American culture. Europeans and Americans took Lambada with enthusiasm, they admired the fiery and the brightness of Hispanics, and soon Lambada was dancing in the whole E urope and America. The history of Lambada and its relationship with the world music The origins of Lambada dance came from karimbo at the time when Brazil was a Portuguese colony (1500-1822 gg.) in the northern part of the country there was a popular dance called karimbo, that was very sensual dance of man and woman. Over time the dance has changed, and changed the music: because of the proximity to the Caribbean region, the Caribbean music culture had a strong influence on Brazilian music (even today we can feel it if you listen to Caribbean radio station in the northern states of Brazil). This close relationship gave birth to some new rhythms Sirimbà ³ and Lari Lari; so karimbo dance eventually changed so much that gave birth to practically new one. After some time the local radio station Belà ©m (capital of Parà ¡) began to call this new kind of music percussion rhythm and the rhythms of Lambada (the word Lambada means a strong rhythmic beats of music). This last name Lambada became very popular and became associated with the new image of the old dance style . Later people again began to dance karimbo in pairs, and it was very much like merengue, but had a larger number of spinning. In the end, a mixture of metal and electronic music of the Caribbean once again changed the face of karimbo, and the music quickly spread throughout the northeastern region of Brazil (the most touristic places), only this new karimbo was already called Lambada. Lambada long traveled along the coast, and finally reached Bahia (the oldest of the Brazilian state), where it began to experience the effect of dance Forry (another old Brazilian style with the accented rhythm). Gradually, the timing of Lambada from a 4 / 4 changed to 2 / 2, so it can be confidently said that it was then Lambada completely lost its resemblance to the karimbo. Lambada was danced with bent legs, steps were made from side to side and never from front to back. In a fashion were tight skirts, and it happened so that they began to be associated with the Lambada, and Lambada with them. Even nowadays in some places (for example in Lambar in the nightclub of the city of Sao Paulo) we can steel meet the classic couples: a lady in a narrow skirt and a man in long trousers. (Kempley 1990) Together with the Trio-eletricos (great mobile platform in which musicians perform dancing and singing during the Carnival) Lambada began to spread along Bahia and settled in the town of Porto Seguro. During the first boom of Lambada in the south-eastern region of Brazil (the most economically developed) it refered to the rhythms that came from Bahia, and were assumed that all these rhythms live only in the summer and then die. While all acknowledged that the Lambada was a real rush of the summer, many early lambaterii (places where the Lambada was danced) wewre closed closed in winter when tourists left. However, Lambada did not die The story of Lambada spread to Europe says that one day in late summer, several French businessmen came to Brazil and bought the music rights to 300 songs in the style of Lambada. Then they returned to France and organized a group Kaoma, investing lot of money in its promotion. In that way the Lambada style became known throughout the world and reached even the Far East, where it has remained to this day. The world fever of Lambada was so strong that it even returned to Brazil, to the most economically developed south-eastern region, that has already forgotten it. The fact that today in Brazil there are thousands of schools of ballroom dancing, great competitions and tens of thousands of dancers is a merit of the French Kaoma and their international success. This second wave was called the Second Boom of Lambada and this event greatly influenced the world culture. First of all Lambada became an international phenomenon, when millions of young people again began to dance in pairs, and evoked a wave of interest to the Latin American culture. Having spread around the world, the dance has changed dramatically. Due to the fact that in Europe there was lack of good dancers of Lambada (for example for movies and shows), most professionals had to make changes to it: the Lambada was added with whirling and steppe-like elements from jive and East Coast swing, as well as some acrobatic movements. Many dancers have begun to mix Lambada with other musical styles, trying to create something new and unusual. As to the Lambada music, it was played on all radio stations, and some musicians (eg, Sidney Magal and Fafà ¡ de Belà ©m),trying to follow this new vawe, created new real hits on its basis. However, pretty soon people discovered that their interest to the Lambada was based solely on efforts to earn more money, and these musicians were quickly forgotten. After some time, many composers of Lambada seemed to be forgotten, these music and dance were losing their power, and millions of fans around the world were helpless before it. Another musicians have begun to mix Lambada with other musical styles, mix Lambada with Caribbean Soca, Merengue, Salsa and Zouk. Anyway, now Zouk is a child, a native son of our beloved old Lambada. Thus we can say that Lambada is a real rhythm of Latin America, which has a rich and bright national culture. History of success and spread of Lambada throughout the world shows that the culture of Latin America is very popular and interesting to people around the world. Latin American dances are always very popular, millions of people around the world love to dance them. Also, Latin American music attracts Europeans and Americans with its incendiary rhythms, unique power. Lambada became one of the most brilliant and incendiary dance, which danced the whole world, and despite the fact that its success is already lost, the era of Lambada opened the brightness of the culture in Latin America to the world and brought new sound and rythms to the world music industry.

School Bullying: Methods to Prevent This Ongoing Cycle :: Social Issues, School Authorities

School bullying occurs in every realm of society. Students suffer harmful effects when they are emotionally and physically abused. Society must take active measures to end this ongoing injustice of students and help school yard bullies in understanding the effects of their actions. One in every ten students is bullied at some point in their education process (Will 1). The FBI National Center for Analysis of Violent Crime observed that the victimization of students occurs more often in public schools (Will 2). The victims of bullying suffer from emotional distress, and they often have difficulties making friends (J Love 346). The distressed victims will have problems in the workforce and their future family if bullying stays strong in schools. School bullies may demonstrate their ‘power’ in several ways. School bullies may mock peers, spread vicious rumors, play cruel pranks, or use physical force to ensure to their target that they are in charge (J Love 346). F urthermore, cyber-bullying is a growing trend in this technologically advanced society (J Love 346). Children often have unsupervised access to sites such as facebook and twitter. These sites make it effortless for school bullies to discriminate other peers. Solutions to help end school bullying must be thought out carefully by all school authority figures. One approach many schools have attempted is called a systematic approach. This approach involves strict enforcements specific to school bullying (Will 3). School authority figures are responsible for enforcing the rules in this system. In doing this the school bully is directly singled out as responsible for the violence in the classroom. Although this approach is well-meant it does not resolve the root of the problem. The authority figures cannot possibly comprehend why a school bully bullies (Will 3). School authorities taking interventive measures is another idea in helping prevent school bullying. Schools may start placing cameras on busses to catch acts of aggression from school bullies. Moreover, school officials may perform locker searches for any evidence of bullying, and they may hire security guards (Will 3). These measures often violate children’s sense of privacy. Although this measure is also well intended, it can have unanticipated results. Many children feel an urge to rebel when they feel their privacy is invaded, therefore; this method may cause more harm than good. School Bullying: Methods to Prevent This Ongoing Cycle :: Social Issues, School Authorities School bullying occurs in every realm of society. Students suffer harmful effects when they are emotionally and physically abused. Society must take active measures to end this ongoing injustice of students and help school yard bullies in understanding the effects of their actions. One in every ten students is bullied at some point in their education process (Will 1). The FBI National Center for Analysis of Violent Crime observed that the victimization of students occurs more often in public schools (Will 2). The victims of bullying suffer from emotional distress, and they often have difficulties making friends (J Love 346). The distressed victims will have problems in the workforce and their future family if bullying stays strong in schools. School bullies may demonstrate their ‘power’ in several ways. School bullies may mock peers, spread vicious rumors, play cruel pranks, or use physical force to ensure to their target that they are in charge (J Love 346). F urthermore, cyber-bullying is a growing trend in this technologically advanced society (J Love 346). Children often have unsupervised access to sites such as facebook and twitter. These sites make it effortless for school bullies to discriminate other peers. Solutions to help end school bullying must be thought out carefully by all school authority figures. One approach many schools have attempted is called a systematic approach. This approach involves strict enforcements specific to school bullying (Will 3). School authority figures are responsible for enforcing the rules in this system. In doing this the school bully is directly singled out as responsible for the violence in the classroom. Although this approach is well-meant it does not resolve the root of the problem. The authority figures cannot possibly comprehend why a school bully bullies (Will 3). School authorities taking interventive measures is another idea in helping prevent school bullying. Schools may start placing cameras on busses to catch acts of aggression from school bullies. Moreover, school officials may perform locker searches for any evidence of bullying, and they may hire security guards (Will 3). These measures often violate children’s sense of privacy. Although this measure is also well intended, it can have unanticipated results. Many children feel an urge to rebel when they feel their privacy is invaded, therefore; this method may cause more harm than good.

Maryannreyteran

KAMIAS AS BEVEARAGE DRINK HOW TO MAKE KAMIAS WINE? MATERIALS: 80 pcs. Of Kamias Caserole Salt 3 tbsp. sugar 1 tbsp. yeast 1 Cotainer Straw Streamer Cotton Cotton cloth 1 or 2 bottle PROCEDURE: 1. Prepared the 80 pcs. Kamias aqnd remove the upper and lower part . 2. After removing fill it to a container and wait for at least 6 or 7 days until the extract of the kamias comes out or release. 3. After 7 days waiting, separate the extract from residue in a bottle. 4. Add the 3 tbsp. sugar. 5. Wait for a days until the dullness of the extract cimes dow or what we called left residue. . Transfer to another bottle and put the yeast. 7. After putting yeast kindly get the cotton and put it to the mouth of the bottle and put a straw horizontally for the hole the bottle. 8. Wait for atleast I month. 9. After waiting, put it in a Caserole and boil in slow fire for the sterilization of the wine. 10. After that, the bottle next. 11. And feel the essence of my finish product. â€Å"Kaymito Leaves D ecoction as Antiseptic Mouthwash† Materials: ? kilo of kamias fruit 1 ? kilo of chili mortar and pestle kettle gas stove product container Procedure: The researcher collected and prepared all the materials needed. The researcher then pounded the kamias and chili separately and gets their extracts. After pounding the kamias and the chili, the researcher boiled the two extracts separately for 5 minutes. Then the researcher mixed them and poured them inside the container. Review of related literature: In the past chili was used only as spices because of its taste. Later on, it was discovered as a good mosquito killer because of its pesticidal property. While kamias (ginger lily) was also used in food spices before. Later on, it was discovered by Battistelli in 1939 that it has properties such as astringent, stomachic, refrigerant and antiscorbutic. Some of the researchers now are having kamias as wine but in this study the researcher wants to test the properties of the kamias fruit together with the chili. Oregano as Perfume Materials:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I. Ingredients: 1. ) 400 grams paraffin wax 2. ) Candle wick 3. ) 100 grams stearic acid 4. ) Dye/ scrap colored candles 5. ) Fresh oregano leaves II. Other things: 1. ) Stove 2. ) Kettle 3. ) Stick 4. ) Scissors 5. ) Pail with water 6. ) Garter 7. ) Brush 8. ) Oil 9. ) Rag 10. A pair of candle molders (#18 for the size of locally available candle) 11. ) Strainer 12. ) Knife Here are the steps: For the molder: All the materials were prepared in the working table. The candle molders were soaked in the half-full water basin for 10 minutes. After so, the molders were dried by a clean rag and brushed with oil to make it ea sy to pull out from the molder. The molders were paired and held together by a garter. For the wick: The wick was tied to a stick and placed on the mold. For the candle: The paraffin and stearic acid, together with the scrap candles, were melted together in a kettle over medium-heat stove. The fresh oregano leaves were stirred into melted wax (the strength of the scent depends on the amount of the oregano leaves and the amount of the herbs depends on your choice) Once, the change in the color of the wax was observed; the herbs can now be removed by a strainer. The melted ingredients were poured into the molder. The molder was submerged in water to hasten the cooling process. After 1-2 hours, the molder can now be opened and voila! Gloc-9 — Upuan lyrics (Chant) Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Ganito kasi yan eh†¦ Verse 1: Tao po, nandyan po ba kayo sa loob ng Malaking bahay at malawak na bakuran Mataas na pader pinapaligiran At naka pilang mga mamahaling sasakyan Mga bantay na laging bulong ng bulong Wala namang kasal pero marami ang naka barong Lumakas man ang ulan ay walang butas ang bubong Mga plato't kutsara na hindi kilala ang tutong At ang kanin ay simputi ng gatas na nasa kahon At kahit na hindi pasko sa lamesa ay may hamon Ang sarap sigurong manirahan sa bahay na ganyan Sabi pa nila ay dito mo rin matatagpuan Ang tao na nagmamay-ari ng isang upuan Na pag may pagkakatao'y pinag-aagawan Kaya naman hindi niya pinakakawalan Kung makikita ko lamang siya ay aking sisigawan Chorus: Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo, At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Verse 2: [ Lyrics from: http://www. lyricsty. com/gloc-9-upuan-lyrics. html ] Mawalang galang na po Sa taong naka upo, Alam niyo bang pantakal ng bigas namin ay di puno Ang ding-ding ng bahay namin ay pinagtagpi-tagping yero Sa gabi ay sobrang init na tumutunaw ng yelo Na di kayang bilhin upang ilagay sa inumin Pinakulong tubig sa lumang takuring uling-uling Gamit lang panggatong na inanod lamang sa istero Na nagsisilbing kusina sa umaga'y aming banyo Ang aking inay na may kayamanan isang kaldero Na nagagamit lang pag ang aking ama ay sumweldo Pero kulang na kulang parin, Ulam na tuyo't asin Ang singkwenta pesos sa maghapo'y pagkakasyahin Di ko alam kung talagang maraming harang O mataas lang ang bakod O nagbubulag-bulagan lamang po kayo Kahit sa dami ng pera niyo Walang doktor na makapagpapalinaw ng mata niyo Kaya†¦ Wag kang masyadong halata Bato-bato sa langit Ang matamaa'y wag magalit O bato-bato bato sa langit Ang matamaan ay Wag masyadong halata (ooh) Wag kang masyadong halata Hehey, (Wag kang masyadong halata) (Wag kang masyadong halata) (Chant) Gloc-9 — Upuan lyrics (Chant) Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Ganito kasi yan eh†¦ Verse 1: Tao po, nandyan po ba kayo sa loob ng Malaking bahay at malawak na bakuran Mataas na pader pinapaligiran At naka pilang mga mamahaling sasakyan Mga bantay na laging bulong ng bulong Wala namang kasal pero marami ang naka barong Lumakas man ang ulan ay walang butas ang bubong Mga plato't kutsara na hindi kilala ang tutong At ang kanin ay simputi ng gatas na nasa kahon At kahit na hindi pasko sa lamesa ay may hamon Ang sarap sigurong manirahan sa bahay na ganyan Sabi pa nila ay dito mo rin matatagpuan Ang tao na nagmamay-ari ng isang upuan Na pag may pagkakatao'y pinag-aagawan Kaya naman hindi niya pinakakawalan Kung makikita ko lamang siya ay aking sisigawan Chorus: Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo, At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Verse 2: Mawalang galang na po Sa taong naka upo, Alam niyo bang pantakal ng bigas namin ay di puno Ang ding-ding ng bahay namin ay pinagtagpi-tagping yero Sa gabi ay sobrang init na tumutunaw ng yelo Na di kayang bilhin upang ilagay sa inumin Pinakulong tubig sa lumang takuring uling-uling Gamit lang panggatong na inanod lamang sa istero Na nagsisilbing kusina sa umaga'y aming banyo Ang aking inay na may kayamanan isang kaldero Na nagagamit lang pag ang aking ama ay sumweldo Pero kulang na kulang parin, Ulam na tuyo't asin Ang singkwenta pesos sa maghapo'y pagkakasyahin Di ko alam kung talagang maraming harang O mataas lang ang bakod O nagbubulag-bulagan lamang po kayo Kahit sa dami ng pera niyo Walang doktor na makapagpapalinaw ng mata niyo Kaya†¦ Wag kang masyadong halata Bato-bato sa langit Ang matamaa'y wag magalit O bato-bato bato sa langit Ang matamaan ay Wag masyadong halata (ooh) Wag kang masyadong halata Hehey, (Wag kang masyadong halata) Wag kang masyadong halata) (Chant) ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 2012 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is o ur temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å"Oregano (Origanum vulgare) as Perfume† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. , Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 2012 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is our temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å"Kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi) as Wine† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. , Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. , Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 2012 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is our temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å"Kaymito Leaves Decoction as Antiseptic Mouthwash† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. , Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 20 12 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is our temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å" Feasibility of Chili (Capsicum frutescens) and Kamias (Hedychium coronarium) as Mosquito Killer† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. , Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. , Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser

Costs of Conflict Essay

Conflict produces several things that are often times not seen and most of it loses. It can be considered as the cost of conflict, which represents a drain of resources on the part of the parties that are involved. It also causes unhappiness and discomfort. Although it is not clearly seen in many cases but conflict does cost and it cost a lot of which money is involved. We may not see it but being into some kind of conflict does cost us money and other things that are considered to be valuable and these are considered as the cost of conflict. Conflict really does cost a lot in several forms however, these forms can be classified into five types defending on how money is lost in resolving the said conflict and how the conflict affects the persons involved. Cost of conflicts can be direct cost and opportunity cost that is divided into direct loss and opportunity cost, continuity cost and emotional cost. Although these are different from one another but it does not necessarily mean that the cost of conflict can be classified into one of these categorize. A conflict may cost two or three type of these types and even all of them. Most people have the inability to face conflicts and so they hire professionals to settle the conflict, this is called direct cost. The amount that the conflict cost can be seen visibly and counted as well because they involve money directly for the resolution of the conflict. Those that are involved in the conflict pay people like lawyers and other professionals to solve the problem. By doing so, it can clearly be seen that the particular conflict cost money. An example would be divorce in which a couple pays legal fees in order to be separated from each other in the legal way. This of course cost much and for those that the only asset is their home, they even transform their residence in order to provide the legal fees needed for the divorce paper. Another cot of conflict is the productivity cost the person’s time as well as the value of his or her effort that is lost in the conflict. This form is divided into 2 types; the direct loss and the opportunity cost. The direct loss is the value of money that a particular person should be paid for but had not been paid because of the conflict. If a particular company employee had been absent in his or her work because a conflict arise that he or she must settle then he will not receive payment for the time that is used in solving the conflict. Opportunity cost on the other hand refer to the value of money that someone might be earning if his or her energy had been focused on the producing products in which he is being paid for. An example would be people who are being paid depending on the amount of work that they are able to finish. If a sewer is paid depending on the number of items that she is able to do then, the energy and time wasted on resolving a conflict will affect that person’s income. Continuity cost on the other hand includes the lost of relationships and even community because of conflicts. The main cause of this kind of cost is being stuck in the past conflict that happened. If two employees of a certain company have problems with each other, they will not be able to work effectively. This will be for the company’s disadvantage that will cause losses and will greatly affect the work place. Also if because of the conflict they decided to quit and look for another job, a community is lost; the community of the employees in which they had work for some time. The last cost of category of costs of conflict involves the emotions or inner state of the persons involved, the emotional cost. When it comes to conflicts I can say that it is the most common type of cost that a conflict is likely to develop. There are times in which it is so hard to let go of hurts that occurred in a conflict. It might be because of a fight with those that you do not know like someone that bumps into your car and even those that are close to you like your friends, coworkers and even members of the family. We are help prisoners by negative emotions like anger, fear and grip that we cannot let go. These emotions held us captive and make us unproductive. It saps our energies that should be focused on our job or doing something worthwhile. Instead of focusing on the business we are consumed by anger and vengeance for the other person especially in cases in which we feel that we had been maltreated or had been abused or oppressed. We kept on telling ourselves that the wrongdoer had to be punished for what he or she had done. We use our energy on our negative emotions adding to the loss that we already had on the time of the conflict. The energy and time that we use will never be recovered and as long as we focused on these negative emotions, more and more energy and time will be lost. A conflict may involve these types of costs; it may cost the person’s money directly trough hiring professionals or indirectly like the time that could have been used for earning. Also because of the same conflict your community in which you work for may be lost. Also the hurts of that particular conflict may enslave you causing you to be unproductive and full of grief and revenge for the wrongdoer. Examining closely these costs we can realize that being involve in a conflict really does cost a lot. However being involved in a conflict cannot be totally avoided because we really cannot please everybody. What is important is that in every experience that we had, we are able to learn valuable lessons that teach us how to live our lives the best way that we can. If you commit the same mistake twice, it is definitely your fault. We cannot be good to all but we must learn to be good to us much as we can in order to minimize being involved in a conflict because no matter how the situation ends, we will certainly never win. We will definitely lose something of importance and of value. Reference Overveen, C. (No Date). The many Costs of Conflicts. Retrieved December 6, 2007 from http://www. trimitra. com/articles/costsofconflict. html Levine, S. (1998 December). The Many Costs of Conflicts. Innovative Leader Volume 7, page 12. Retrieved December 6, 2007 from http://www. winstonbrill. com/bril001/html/article_index/articles35

Canon Marketing Project Essay

Introduction: About Canon Incorporation Canon Incorporation is a Japanese multinational company that specializes in manufacturing imaging and optical products worldwide. The company manufactures many products like cameras, lenses, camcorders, photo printers, office network multifunction devices, laser printers, laser multifunction devices, solution soft wares and many more Industry & Business products. Canon`s headquarters is situated in Ohtaku, Tokyo, Japan. The company was founded on 10th of August in the year of 1937. The company was founded by Takeshi Mitarai, Goro Yoshida, Saburo Uchida and Takeo Maeda in Tokyo, Japan. When the company was founded its name in 1934 was Kwanon named by Goro Yoshida and later in 1947 the name had changed to Canon Inc. The present Chairman and CEO of Canon Inc. is Fujio Mitarai. The company`s first product was Kwanon (1934) the Japan` First 35 mm focal-plane-shutter camera produced in prototype form. The company has three divisions; Consumer Business Unit, Office Business Unit and Industry & Others Business Unit. The divisions have spread their products in the following manner; Consumer Business Unit: Digital SLR Cameras, Compact Digital Cameras, Digital Camcorders, Lenses for SLR Cameras, Compact Photo Printers, Multifunction Inkjet Printers, Inkjet Printers, Commercial Photo Printers, Multimedia Projectors, Image Scanners, Network Cameras and Broadcast Equipment. Office Business Unit: Office Network Multifunction Devices, Laser Printers, Lase Multifunction Devices and Solution Software, Toner Cartridges, Digital Production Printers and Large-Format Inkjet printers. Industry & Others Business Unit: LCD Lithography Systems, Semiconductor Lithography Systems, Ophthalmic Equipment, Digital Radiography Systems, Document Scanners, Color Label/ Card printers, Personal Information Products, Handy Terminals, Components, Die Bonders, Organic LED Panel Manufacturing Equipment and Vacuum T hin-Film Deposition Equipment. The company`s foundation rise from guiding principles of San-Ji (Three selfs) that have been passed down since Canon was founded they are; Self-motivation, Self-management, Self-awareness. These Three Selfs continue to serve as the company`s most important guiding principles. Vision & Mission (2011-2015): Canon Inc. VISION Simple advanced solutions freeing people to live their dreams and lead enriched lives at home and at work. & to be a group of service creation companies that practices the principle of customer focus with a global perspective. MISSION To provide optimal value through marketing innovation that enhances security and peace of mind and supports creativity in all areas of life, work and society. Canon Incorporation has a DNA. It`s called Canon`s Corporate DNA: Canon had been developing Excellent Global Corporation Plan since 1996 when Fujio Mitarai became the Canon`s 6th company president. as three Phases till now Phase I (1996 – 2000), II (2001 – 2005), and III (2006 – 2010) which led the company to aim to the world`s No.1. Now the company is ready with its Excellent Global Corporation Plan Phase IV for the next 5 fiscal years 2011 – 2015. The history of the company started with the enterprising spirit to make the world`s best camera. THE TIMELINE OF HIGHLIGHTS & MILESTONES 1933: Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory was established. 1934: Kwanon Camera prototype developed. 1936: Hansa Canon Camera Introduced. 1937: Precision Optical industry, Co., Ltd. was founded. 1941: Japan`s first Indirect X-ray Camera Introduced. 1947: The company name changed to Canon Camera Co., Inc. 1955: New York branch office opened. 1957: Sole European distributor, Canon Europa, established. 1961: Canonet Camera Introduced. 1964: Canola 130 Calculator Introduced. 1967: Cameras in the right hand, business machines in the left. 1969: Company name changed to Canon Inc. 1970: PPC-1 mask aligner introduced. 1976: Premier Company Plan Launched. 1976: AE-1 SLR camera introduced. â€Å"The world’s first SLR camera with a built in microcomputer† 1979: LBP-10 Laser printer introduced. 1982: PC-10/20 personal copying machine introduced. 1985: BJ-80 Inkjet printer introduced. 1987: CLC-1 digital full-color copying machine introduced. 1987: EOS 650 AF SLR camera introduced. â€Å"EOS AF cameras & lens are one of the best ever produced† 1988: Corporate philosophy of Kyosei introduced with the company`s second inauguration. 1990: Toner cartridge collection &recycling program launched. 1996: Excellent global corporation plan launched. 2000: Canon Inc. ADRs listed on the New York Stock Exchange. 2000: PowerShot S100 DIGITA ELPH (DIGITAL IXUS) compact digital camera launched. â€Å"Canon`s PowerShot is one of the bestselling camera brand in the world.† 2002: EOS-1Ds Digital SLR camera launched. 2006: Image PROGRAF IPF9000 printer launched. 2007: ImagePRESS C7000VP digital press introduced. 2009: ImageRUNNER ADVANCE network multifunction device introduced. 2011: Excellent Global Plan Phase IV launched. 2012 – : â€Å"striving to create the best products possible†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.† â€Å"Canon`s EOS cameras have the photographic power to break into the world of movie and television.† Even in the Hollywood the film makers use these camera functions for best results. Through new inventions, Canon is committed to meeting the ever-growing expectations for digital camera. In 2010, Canon has welcomed Oce N. V. of Netherlands into its group which helped canon to be the one in worlds best printers manufacturers. Canons equipment is also used widely in the Medical treatments in Japan and United States which led to many successful surgeries. In these ways, Canon is applying leading-edge imaging technology toward making people`s lives healthier. The company has an ample amount of production units around the world in the most optimum locations worldwide. Knowing that earth-friendly production is vital for the future, Canon relentlessly continues its focus on globally optimized production. The Company`s all Corporate Activities include; Research & Development (R&D), Design, Procurement, Production, Distribution, Sales & Marketing, Post-Purchase Services, Recycling, Environment, Quality. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Business Highlights & Global ranking 2010 Canon was ranked in 216th for Net Sales Globally by FORTUNE Global 500 (Fortune, June26 2010 Issue). It was ranked in 190th in 2009. Canon was ranked in 202nd for Net Income Globally by FORTUNE Global 500 (Fortune, June26 2010 Issue). It was ranked in 131st in 2009. Canon Inc. was ranked in 93rd for Market Capitalization by FINANCIAL TIMES Global 500. It was ranked 104th in 2009.* Canon Inc. was ranked 7th in Technology Hardware & Equipment sector by FT Global 500.* *[Financial Times, May 29/30 2010 Issue] Canon Inc. was ranked 4th in the TOP TEN U.S. patent holders. i.e. 2,543 in No. of Patents. *Based on weekly patent counts issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. â€Å"Canon`s EOS cameras have the photographic power to break into the world of movie and television.† Even in the Hollywood the film makers use these camera functions for best results. Through new inventions, Canon is committed to meeting the ever-growing expectations for digital camera. In 2010, Canon has welcomed Oce N. V. of Netherlands into its group which helped canon to be the one in worlds best printers manufacturers. Canons equipment is also used widely in the Medical treatments in Japan and United States which led to many successful surgeries. In these ways, Canon is applying leading-edge imaging technology toward making people`s lives healthier. The company has an ample amount of production units around the world in the most optimum locations worldwide. Knowing that earth-friendly production is vital for the future, Canon relentlessly continues its focus on globally optimized production. The Michael Porter`s five competitive forces: Canon Inc. 1. Threat from potential new entrants: The Canon Incorporation now in the imaging industry has an ample amount of considerable standard as well as many competitors at the same time. But the company always needs to be deliberately awake to have a look at new entrants ready to break into the industry. It does have a threat from the new companies. The Canon Inc. has to be concerning about the important factors like price they throw newly into the market and product range they throw in the market. Bigger the new entrant, the more severe the competitive effect would be. If any new companies who come into the industry of imaging and printing will have the ability that can shift the interest of canon customers towards their brand then, the company will surely have to take care of the existing standards, as to how did the new company tried to take the minds off from the Canon. The company shall take up the strategies to avoid that situation with hitting promotions that will never turn up the customers towards other companies and brands. 2. Bargaining power of customers: Like it happens in the small scale companies the users of industrial products come never together exert pressure on the producer directly. The company receives the competition in this aspect indirectly may be not because of the direct bargaining of customers but, the willingness of the customers to pay such price for the product is all that matters and concerns. The Canon Inc. shall keenly receive the proper feedback about the price and willingness of customers to pay the price for their products from all the parts of the world. Through this measure the company can not only avoid the pressure upon the prices that the company charges but also upon the costs and investments. 3. Bargaining power of suppliers: The company will also have the pressure from the supplier’s side in bargaining. Suppose the Canon Inc. needs the plastic material to assemble their products, if the suppliers for the plastic i.e. the raw material to the company are very limited and the company have the situation only to depend upon them, they supplier will obviously have the chance and opportunity on the price they were paid. The company has to look at this important force. 4. Rivalry among the current players: The three important things to be kept in concern for Canon to overcome a lot of heavy competition from the already existing companies and brands are; (I) Prices that keeps on changing (II) Advertising and (III) Pressures on Costs, Product and so on. Mainly a heavy competition often imposed in the same industry in the market are from Nikon, Olympus, Sony, Fujifilm, Panasonic, Kodak, Samsung in the industry of camera (SLR and Compact) manufacturing. Nikkor AF from Nikon, Carl Ziess, Olympus Zuiko/ M Zuiko, Sigma, Tamron, Tokina in the industry of lens manufacturing. Nikon, Metz, Olympus in the industry of camera accessories manufacturing. Hewlett-Packard, Xerox, Ricoh, Samsung, IBM, NEC, Panasonic, Sony, Benq, LG etc. in the industry of office equipment, heavy printer, scanner, projector etc. manufacturing. Therefore because of such a heavy competition from many companies Canon Inc. has to be awake all the time with regard to the strategies, policies, promotions and prices of its competitors and plan the strategies accordingly. 5. Threats from substitutes: The threat from the substitutes is in fact most unsafe threat unlike others. Here it would be very severe because the product itself is getting substituted. For example, the mobile phone with a good camera facility to some extent substitutes the cameras at times. Therefore the target people has to be educated about the advantages of the company`s products and services properly. If the new product in the market substitutes the trend of the product then, the company has to care about their new products which would substitute the competitor`s products or at least competes with them. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Policy Canon expresses its appreciation through its CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) activities. In Vietnam, the focus is on the younger generations. Canon CSR activities also include support for the building of schools, volunteer projects in which the company`s employees help repair school facilities and plant trees, and donations of school supplies. At the heart of Canon CSR is the hope that the company`s ongoing efforts may help nurture the next generation of leaders. Marketing Policy of Canon Inc. Canon Inc. prefers to always take effort to achieve success in marketing unlike the product, sales & production fields. The marketing concept of Canon Inc. holds that consumers prefer to buy a product that best satisfies their needs. The main focus of the company is to know and understand the consumer needs and then produce products that satisfy their needs. According to Philip Kotler (One of the world`s most leading authorities in marketing management), Canon is one of very few handful number of companies which actually practice the marketing concept. Canon Inc. focuses on the customer and is organized to respond effectively to changing customer needs. The company has well-staffed marketing departments. Canon Inc. manufactures fax machines, printers, network devices, projectors etc. and sells them to various consumer, business and government markets. It makes the company benefited selling its goods to diverse set of markets. (As according to the statement given in the company`s official corporate profile) â€Å"[Canon companies worldwide do more than ordinary conventional sales and marketing. The thing that makes that more relevant is its one of its kind & unique customer services. They use leading-edge information and communication technology to connect consumers to the latest products, services and tailored solutions. Canon Inc. is a big family, which has spread to about 180 countries and regions. They develop trust and reputation for strength and reliability.]† The main step of Canon Inc. that really makes its marketing policies efficient is its GLOBAL SALES & MARKETING FRAMEWORK. This enables Canon Inc. have Regional Marketing Headquarters like Canon U.S.A, Canon Europe, Canon China, Canon Australia and Canon Marketing Japan. They make marketing policies not globally but all according to the region`s local market. This step was taken to improve the quality of marketing policies suitably according to the regions. Not all the regions would have the same kind of market; every region would have a different market. These regional heads make the policies individually suitable to different markets. Heavy number of staff like marketing managers etc. researches the local market and makes policies accordingly to the local market. This helps the company in a very effective way because of its one of its kind planning of marketing policies individually through regional marketing head offices. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. (Page 13, Philip Kotler, Marketing Management, Millennium Edn., Tenth Edition: Pearson Publishing, US. ISBN: 0-536-63099-2).